Michael Pillsbury, a consultant at the Department of Defense who served in the Reagan and George H.W. Bush administrations, discusses his book The Hundred-Year Marathon: China's Secret Strategy to Replace America as the Global Superpower. For more than forty years, the United States has played a key role helping the Chinese government build a booming economy, develop its scientific and military capabilities, and take its place on the world stage. But will China's rise mean continued cooperation, or direct competition with the U.S.?

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President Vladimir Putin holds a videocall with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Moscow on January 21, 2025. (Gavriil Grigorov/AFP via Getty Images)