Maximilian Hoell’s research interests include the nuclear diplomacy of the United Nations Security Council permanent member (P5) states and the wider weapons of mass destruction nonproliferation regimes, (extended) deterrence in the Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific, as well as emerging technologies and their impact on nuclear matters. When this report was written, Dr. Hoell was a senior policy fellow at the European Leadership Network. Hoell previously worked as an assistant professor of politics and international relations at Northeastern University London, and as a lecturer and undergraduate programs director at Université Paris Dauphine–PSL, London campus. Hoell holds a PhD in international relations from University College London, an MSc in international relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science, a postgraduate diploma in international nuclear law from the University of Montpellier, and a BA in modern languages from the University of Oxford.